How does meditation change the brain?
Short Answer
Meditation increases gray matter density in attention and emotional regulation areas while reducing activity in the default mode network associated with mind-wandering.
Why This Matters
Regular meditation practice triggers neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to reorganize and form new neural connections. This results in structural changes in regions like the prefrontal cortex, which governs executive function, and the hippocampus, which supports memory formation. The decreased activity in the default mode network leads to reduced rumination and self-referential thinking patterns that contribute to anxiety and depression.
Where This Changes
Measurable brain changes typically emerge after 8 weeks of consistent practice, though some functional changes appear within days. The magnitude of change correlates with practice frequency and duration, with experienced meditators showing more pronounced structural differences.